Over the past decade, 3-gun competitions have exploded in popularity across the shooting world. With their fast-paced format, challenging stages, and demand for true versatility, these events draw everyone from experienced marksmen to everyday firearm enthusiasts.
But what exactly is a 3-gun competition? How does it work, and why is it attracting so many shooters of all skill levels?
If you're curious about 3-gun shooting and wondering whether it's worth diving into, this guide breaks down everything you need to know—from rules and gear to strategies and benefits.
What is a 3-Gun Competition?
A 3-gun competition is a dynamic shooting event where participants use three different firearms—a rifle, a shotgun, and a pistol—across a multi-stage course.
Each stage is designed to test speed, accuracy, and your ability to transition between firearms smoothly. The targets vary in type and distance, and competitors must hit them in the correct order while navigating obstacles and following specific instructions. Success in 3-gun requires not only precision and quick reflexes but also the ability to think and adapt under pressure.
How Does a 3-Gun Match Work?
A typical 3-gun course involves a combination of:
Paper targets for scoring precision
Steel targets for audible feedback
Clay pigeons to test shotgun skills
Stages may require you to shoot from various positions—standing, kneeling, prone, or even while moving. Competitors begin with a designated firearm and switch weapons at different points as dictated by the stage.
Scoring is usually based on time, with penalties added for missed shots, procedural mistakes, or safety violations. The competitor with the lowest final time wins.
Key Rules of a 3-Gun Match
While specific rules may vary slightly between organizations, most competitions follow similar guidelines:
Three firearms are mandatory: One handgun, one rifle (commonly an AR-15), and one shotgun (usually 12-gauge).
Time-based scoring: Faster is better, but accuracy is equally important to avoid penalties.
Weapon categories matter:
Limited/Tactical: Minimal optics, no compensators
Open: Optics, compensators, extended magazines all allowed
Heavy Metal: Larger calibers such as .308 rifles and .45 ACP pistols
Stage variety: Some stages focus on long-distance accuracy, while others emphasize quick transitions and mobility.
Safe transitions are critical: Mishandling a weapon during a transition can lead to disqualification.
What to Expect on a 3-Gun Course
Each course is designed to challenge different aspects of marksmanship and gun handling. You might:
Engage targets at distances ranging from 5 to 300+ yards
Fire from behind cover, through tight corridors, or from awkward positions
Transition between your firearms under time pressure
Some stages require problem-solving on the fly, as targets may appear in unexpected places or sequences.
Understanding Firearm Transitions
Fluent firearm transitions are essential in 3-gun matches. Competitors must safely and swiftly stow or holster one firearm before drawing the next. Good gear setup, including slings and holsters, helps reduce transition time and keep you competitive.
Mastering this skill significantly improves your efficiency on the course—and could be the difference between winning and finishing mid-pack.
Why 3-Gun is Gaining Momentum
So, why has 3-gun become such a sensation in the shooting community?
It’s high-energy and exciting: Unlike static shooting sports, 3-gun keeps you moving and thinking.
It offers something for everyone: Newcomers can participate in beginner-friendly categories, while seasoned shooters can challenge themselves in advanced divisions.
Community and mentorship: Local 3-gun clubs are often welcoming to newcomers and provide a great environment to learn and improve.
Real-world skill development: Participants sharpen practical shooting and gun-handling abilities that go beyond target practice.
It’s also just plain fun—a blend of athleticism, problem-solving, and competitive spirit that keeps shooters coming back for more.
The Firearms Used in 3-Gun Matches
To compete, you'll need three guns:
Pistol: Semi-automatic handguns (9mm or larger) such as Glock 34, SIG P320, or Smith & Wesson M&P
Rifle: AR-15 platforms are the go-to choice due to their speed, accuracy, and customizability
Shotgun: Semi-automatic or pump-action shotguns in 12-gauge are standard
Each firearm should be equipped with competition-ready accessories like extended magazines, slings, and optics where allowed.
Should You Join a 3-Gun Competition?
If you enjoy shooting and want to take your skills to the next level, 3-gun is absolutely worth considering.
Benefits include:
Improved marksmanship and weapon handling
Greater confidence under pressure
Enhanced mental agility and focus
Better physical fitness from moving through courses
Connection to a like-minded community of enthusiasts
Whether you're an experienced shooter or just getting started, 3-gun offers a rewarding way to challenge yourself and grow in the sport.
How to Get Started in 3-Gun
If you're ready to dive in, follow these steps:
Find a local match: Many ranges and clubs host beginner-friendly events.
Get basic gear: Invest in a quality pistol, rifle, and shotgun, along with pouches, holsters, and safety equipment.
Take a class: Look for courses that cover the basics of competition shooting.
Practice transitions: Work on moving efficiently and safely between firearms.
Learn the rules: Understanding match structure and scoring is critical to success.
Most importantly, start with a mindset of learning and fun. Winning will come with time and experience.
Choosing the Right Optic for Your 3-Gun Rifle
A reliable optic can make or break your rifle performance. Since 3-gun matches often involve engaging targets at varying distances, you need an optic that can handle short- and mid-range scenarios.
That’s why Low Power Variable Optics (LPVOs) have become the optic of choice in competitive shooting. Their ability to switch from 1x magnification (for close-range) to 6x or more (for longer distances) makes them perfect for the sport’s fast transitions.
One excellent option for competitors is the Odin 1-6×28 FFP LPVO Rifle Scope, which provides fast target acquisition, superior optical clarity, and rugged reliability—all critical for navigating intense 3-gun stages.
Final Thoughts
At its core, 3-gun is about versatility. It’s not just about being a great rifle shooter or a precise pistol marksman—it’s about mastering all three platforms in high-pressure, real-world-like environments.
Whether you're looking to test your limits, become more proficient with your firearms, or just join a fun and passionate shooting community, 3-gun offers the full package.
Equip yourself with the right tools, including a solid optic like the Odin 1-6×28 FFP LPVO Rifle Scope, and step confidently into the exciting world of 3-gun shooting. The challenge—and the fun—awaits.